Uncategorized
Meaning: Be same as, in conformity with ~, do or be…, in the same way as ~
Formation:
| 動詞辞書形＋～とおりだ・～とおり（に）… 動詞ーてある＋～とおりだ・～とおり（に）… 動詞ーている形＋～とおりだ・～とおり（に）… 動詞ーた形＋～とおりだ・～とおり（に）… 名詞の＋とおりだ・とおり（に） 名詞＋どおりだ・どおり（に） |
Example sentences:
- サッカーの試合の結果はわたしたち期待どおりだった。
- Sakkā no shiai no kekka wa watashitachi kitai-dōridatta.
- The result of the soccer match was what we expected.
- फुटबॉल मैच का परिणाम जैसा कि हमें उम्मीद थी।
- 学生たちは、先生が黒板に書いたとおりにノートに写した。
- Gakusei-tachi wa, sensei ga kokuban ni kaita tōri ni nōto ni utsushita.
- The students copied them to the notebook as the teacher wrote on the blackboard.
- शिक्षक ने ब्लैकबोर्ड पर लिखे अनुसार छात्रों ने नोटबुक में नकल की।
- 幼い弟は思いどおりにならないと大声で泣く。
Key phrases
nihon ryo‾ri Japanese food
niku ryo‾ri meat dishes
sakana ryo‾ri fish dishes
yasai ryo‾ri vegetable dishes
watashi wa nihon ryo‾riga suki desu I like Japanese food
watashi wa nihon ryo‾ri ga suki dewa arimasen I don’t like Japanese food
Sumisu-san wa nihon ryo‾ri ga suki desu ka? Mr Smith, do you like Japanese food?
hai, suki desu yes, I like it or yes, I like them
ıee, suki dewa arimasen no, I don’t like it or no,I don’t like them
ıee, chotto … No, not really …
NOTE
bejitarian =vegetarian
bejitarian desu = I’m a vegetarian
Listening and speaking
Sumisu-san wa nihon ryo‾ri ga suki desu ka? Mr Smith, do you like Japanese food?
Hai, suki desu. Yes, I like it.
Watashi wa niku ryo‾ri ga suki desu. Teira‾ -san wa? I like meat dishes. And you, Mrs Taylor?
Watashi wa sakana ryo‾ri ga suki desu. I like fish dishes.
Buraun-san wa sushi ga suki desu ka? Mr Brown, do you like sushi?
Iee, chotto… No, not really…
LANGUAGE INFORMATION
How much do you like it?
suki desu means “like”, and you can easily add other words in front of suki to say how much you like something. ichiban literally means “number one”, so if something is your favourite you can say sushi ga ichiban suki desu – I like sushi the best/the most.
totemo means “very much”. So, you can say: sushi ga totemo suki desu – I like sushi very much.
And ma–ma– means “so-so”. If you don’t really like something, it’s probably better to say: sushi ga ma‾ma‾ suki desu – I kind of like sushi, rather than saying you don’t like it!
CULTURAL INFORMATION
Table manners
You might be shocked to hear Japanese people making loud slurping
noises as they eat noodles. However, don’t judge them as being illmannered,
because that’s the right way to eat noodles in Japan! The
slurping actually cools the noodles down, allowing you to eat them
while they’re still piping hot.
And when you use chopsticks, the following are considered bad
manners:
• licking or chewing your chopsticks;
• putting back anything you’ve already picked up with your
chopsticks; and
• dragging plates towards you with your chopsticks.
Oshibori – steamed hand towels
When you are seated in a restaurant or bar, you will receive a steamed
hand towel (or sometimes a paper towel). This is for you to clean your
hands. It’ll be either hot or cold depending on the season.
Key phrases
basu bus
takushı‾ taxi
kuruma car
densha train
shinkansen Japanese bullet train
chikatetsu underground or subway
hiko‾ki plane
nani de ikimasu ka? how are you going?
nani de Kyo‾to e ikimasu ka? how are you going to Kyoto?
basu de ikimasu. I’m going by bus
shinkansen de ikimasu. I’m going by bullet train
NOTE
nani = “what”
nani de = “by what”= “how”
nani-jin = “what people” = “which nationality”
nani-go = “what language”
Listening and speaking
Sumimasen. Tanaka-san wa nani de Himeji-jo‾ e ikimasu ka?
Excuse me. How are you going to Himeji Castle, Mr Tanaka?
Basu de ikimasu. I’m going by bus.
Sumimasen. Yamada-san wa nani de resutoran e ikimasu ka?
Excuse me. How are you going to the restaurant, Mrs Yamada?
Takushı‾de ikimasu. I’m going by taxi.
Sumimasen. Buraun-san wa nani de To‾kyo‾eki e ikimasu ka?
Excuse me. How are you going to Tokyo train station, Mr Brown?
Chikatetsu de ikimasu. I’m going by subway.
Conversation 1
Konnichiwa, Buraun-san. Hello, Mr Brown.
Konnichiwa, Yamada-san. Hello, Mrs Yamada.
Buraun-san wa doko e ikimasu ka?
Where are you going, Mr Brown?
Fuji-san e ikimasu. I’m going to Mt. Fuji.
I‾desu ne. That’s nice, isn’t it?
Nani de ikimasu ka? How are you going?
Densha de ikimasu. I’m going by train.
So– desu ka. Ki o tsukete. Is that right? Take care.
Arigato– gozaimasu. Thank you.
Conversation 2
Sumimasen. Eigo ga wakarimasu ka?
Excuse me. Do you understand English?
Sumimasen. Wakarimasen. Sorry. I don’t understand.
Watashi wa Kyo‾to e ikimasu. I’m going to Kyoto.
Kono densha wa Kyo‾to e ikimasu ka?
Does this train go to Kyoto?
Hai, ikimasu. Yes, it goes (to Kyoto).
So‾desu ka. Arigato‾gozaimasu.Is that right? Thank you.
Iee, do‾itashimashite. No, don’t mention it.
LANGUAGE INFORMATION
Noriba rank, stop
Noriba means “a place to get on”. If you want to catch a taxi, you go to a takushı‾ noriba, “taxi rank”. To catch a bus, you go to a basu noriba, “bus stop”.
CULTURAL INFORMATION
Cars drive on the left in Japan. So remember to look right when you cross the road. To flag down a taxi, simply stick out your hand. They should come to you even if they are on the other side of the road. The rear doors of the taxi are opened and closed automatically by the driver, so please don’t try to open or close them yourself. It’s disrespectful to the driver if you attempt to do so.
Train travel
Train stations in the major cities are likely to have ticket machines, and some of them have English instructions. So, it is always easier to buy your ticket at the machines if possible. However, if you need to reserve a seat or want to buy a ticket for another day, you will need to go to the ticket office. Have your destination and date of travel written down to avoid any misunderstanding. Japanese trains are usually classified as (slowest to fastest) local (futsu‾), rapid (kaisoku), express (kyu‾ko‾) limited express (tokkyu‾) or super express (shinkansen). To know when your stop is coming up, listen out for the announcement “mamonaku [destination] desu”.
Mamonaku means “soon” or “shortly”.
It is find difficult for people to travel in Japan when they visit for Business purpose or as an tourist without knowing the basic Japanese. In those circumstances , people usually avoid travelling in Japan or otherwise ask someone specially Japanese colleague to accompany them, but if you know basic Japanese, you can travel though Japan without any hesitation and enjoy the famous tourist places in Japan. To help those peoples, we have prepared a short book Visitor’s Guide for Japanese which will help travelers / visitors to Japan for communicating the basic things during first meeting, train/bus/taxi travel, visiting restaurant, public places etc . It is in Romaji so any English reader can use it and talk basic Japanese. It will be soon displayed on our website. Please visit https://guide2japanese.com and click on courses then Visitor’s guide for Japanese.
Japanese is spoken by over 130 million people, both in Japan
and in Japanese communities all around the world. In fact,
you probably know a lot of Japanese words already! Words
like sudoku, tsunami, bonsai, karate, samurai, karaoke,
manga and origami have all become part of the English
language. And it’s likely that your local supermarket stocks
shı – take mushrooms, edamame beans and nashi pears!
Japanese isn’t as hard to learn as you might think – most
sounds are similar to English and they are pronounced
consistently. There are no genders, plurals or articles, and
verbs stay the same whether “I” or “she” is doing it. Further the Japanese sentence pattern is similar to that of most of the Indian languages like Subject + Object +Verb whereas for English it is Subject +Verb + Object. Therefore learning Japanese is easier for Indians than those whose mother tongue is English.
For example:
I ran in to my house. (Subject : I, Verb: ran, Obeject: in to my house)
Mai mere ghar me bhag gaya. (Subject: Mai, Object: Mere ghar me, Verb: Bhag Gaya)
Watakushiha ie ni tobidashita (Subject: Watakushiha, Object: ie, Verb: ni tobidashita)
E.g. Subject +Verb+ Object
The Japanese currency is the yen (which is actually pronounced en in
Japanese). There are six coins – 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 yen – and
four notes – 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 yen. The 5 and 50 yen
coins have a small hole in the middle of them. Each note features a
different portrait of a famous Japanese person, including a
philosopher, a novelist, a poet and a bacteriologist.
To prevent forgery, Japanese notes use different types of technology
such as watermarks, micro-letters and special luminous ink. A
hologram is used on 5,000 and 10,000 yen notes – cherry blossoms
appear in the bottom left corner of the portrait side of the notes when
they are turned at an angle.
N1- The ability to understand Japanese used in a variety of circumstances.
- One is able to read writings with logical complexity and/or abstract writings on a variety of topics, such as newspaper editorials and critiques, and comprehend both their structures and contents.
- One is also able to read written materials with profound contents on various topics and follow their narratives as well as understand the intent of the writers comprehensively.
- One is able to comprehend orally presented materials such as coherent conversations, news reports, and lectures, spoken at natural speed in a broad variety of settings, and is able to follow their ideas and comprehend their contents comprehensively.
- One is also able to understand the details of the presented materials such as the relationships among the people involved the logical structures, and the essential points.
N2-The ability to understand Japanese used in everyday situations, and in a variety of circumstances to a certain degree.
- One is able to read materials written clearly on a variety of topics, such as articles and commentaries in newspapers and magazines as well as simple critiques, and comprehend their contents.
- One is also able to read written materials on general topics and follow their narratives as well as understand the intent of the writers.
- One is able to comprehend orally presented materials such as coherent conversations and news reports, spoken at nearly natural speed in everyday situations as well as in a variety of settings, and is able to follow their ideas and comprehend their contents. One is also able to understand the relationships among the people involved and the essential points of the presented materials.