JLPT N4 GRAMMAR:～られる・れる (～rareru/reru)
 | Learn Japanese In Hindi ～られる・れる (～rareru/reru) |   |
Meaning: to be done ….., Something is done by someone for someone. (….किया गया, … करके दिया)
受身形（passive form of verbs) when used with the particles like に , を, によって、から、で、it changes the meaning of the sentence as below.
- When an action directed by some another person / thing, is to be expressed from the speaker’s side or view, such sentences are formed with passive form as below
Formation:～に～られる・れる
Example Sentences:
- 私は先生に褒められました。
- Watashi wa sensei ni home raremashita.
- I was praised by my teacher.
- मेरे शिक्षक द्वारा मेरी प्रशंसा की गई।
- 私は母に買い物を 頼まれました。
- Watashi wa haha ni kaimono o tanoma remashita.
- I was asked by my mother to go for shopping.
- मुझे मेरी माँ ने खरीदारी करने के लिए पुछा।
- 私は犬に噛まれました。
- Watashi wa inu ni kama remashita.
- I was bitten by a dog.
- मुझे एक कुत्ते ने काटा।
２．When a person / person’s action is directed to an object belonging to another person & leads to annoy or trouble, in this condition the following sentence is used by the person who belongs the object.
Formation: ～を～られる・れる
Example sentences:
- 私は 弟に パソコン を 壊されました。
- Watashi wa otōto ni pasokon o kowasa remashita.
- I had my computer broken by my brother.
- मेरे भाई ने मेरा कंप्यूटर तोड़ दिया।
- 私は犬に手を噛まれました。
- Watashi wa inu ni te o kama remashita.
- I had my hand bitten by a dog.
- कुत्ते ने मेरा हात काट लिया।
３．When some thing is created or discovered, and is stated using a passive verb, the person who created or discovered it is indicated by によって instead of に.
Formation:～によって～られる・れる
Example sentences:
- 源氏物語は紫式部によって書かれました。
- Genjimonogatari wa murasakishikibu ni yotte kaka remashita.
- The tale of Genji was written by Murasaki Shikibu.
- गेनजी मोनो की कहानी मुरासाकी शिकिबू ने लिखी थी।
- 電話はベルによって発明されました。
- Denwa wa beru ni yotte hatsumei sa remashita.
- The telephone was invented by Bell.
- फोन का आविष्कार बेल ने किया था।
4. When something is made from a raw material passive form is used, however the material is marked with から．Ｗhen it is obvious to the eye that something is made of a particular material, the material is marked with で。
Example sentences:
- ビールは麦から作られます。
- Bīru wa mugi kara tsukura remasu.
- Beer is made from Barley．
- बीयर को गेहूं से बनाया जाता है।
- 昔日本の家は木で作られました。
- Mukashi Nihon no ie wa ki de tsukura remashita.
- Japanese houses were made of wood in past.
- पहले जापानी घर लकड़ी के बने होते थे।